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宿題：今回は上智大学 2020から5題です。予習してね！
宿題
上智大学 2020 文学部 総合グローバル
(31) Numbers are ( ) of our everyday lives that we take them for granted.
(a) as many as a part
(b) as much as a part
(c) so many a part
(d) so much a part
(32) As soon as people started to keep animals, they needed a way to keep track of them, ( ) all the sheep/goats/yaks/pigs were safely in the pen.
(a) to check whether
(b) to confirm where
(c) to examine who
(d) to investigate which
(37) Historians have debated the extent ( ) the President restructured the American economy.
(a) in which
(b) of which
(c) through which
(d) to which
(38) No serious writer can possibly be indifferent to the fate of any language, ( ) his own mother tongue.
(a) aside
(b) concerning
(c) let alone
(d) with respect to
(39) It is ( ) the nation is so new and fragile that citizens are struggling hard to maintain the frontiers mapped out by Europeans.
(a) because
(b) by
(c) for this reason
(d) the case which
解答＆解説メモ
上智大学 2020 文学部 総合グローバル
１
Numbers are ( ) of our everyday lives that we take them for granted.
(a) as many as a part
(b) as much as a part
(c) so many a part
(d) so much a part
| part of X | Xの一部 |
a large part of X
[a much part] of X（←×だけど、こう考えるだけ）
↓
so [large a part] of X
so [much a part] of X
↓
【[a＋形容詞＋名詞]の語順に注意】
as / so / too / how＋形容詞/副詞と相性がいい
↓
【as / so / too / how＋[形容詞＋a＋名詞]】になる
＜和訳＞
Numbers are so much a part of our everyday lives that we take them for granted.
数字は私たちの日常生活の一部であり、私たちはそれを当たり前のことと思っています。
【as / so / too / how＋[形容詞＋a＋名詞]】
It is a hot day.
It is so hot a day today (that) I don't wanna go out.
It is too hot a day for me to go out.
How hot a day (it is) today!
It is as hot a day today as it was yesterday.
２
As soon as people started to keep animals, they needed a way to keep track of them, ( ) all the sheep/goats/yaks/pigs were safely in the pen.
(a) to check whether
(b) to confirm where
(c) to examine who
(d) to investigate which
| (a) to check whether | SVが～かどうかを確認するために |
| (b) to confirm where | 動物がどこに囲いに安全にいるかを確認するために |
(c) to examine who＋不完全文（名詞の欠落がある）
(d) to investigate which＋不完全文（名詞の欠落がある）
■whetherは名詞節では「かどうか」
I know whether he will come or not.
I know if he will come (or not).
■whereの後ろは完全文（名詞の欠落がない）
This is the place. + I was born there.
↓
This is the place. + I was born where.
↓
This is the place where I was born.
■関係代名詞は通常２文からできている。
This is the man. + I know him.
↓
This is the man. + I know who.
↓
This is the man who I know @.
（名詞の欠落がある）
和訳
As soon as people started to keep animals, they needed a way to keep track of them, to check whether all the sheep/goats/yaks/pigs were safely in the pen.
人々が動物を飼うようになるとすぐに、羊、ヤギ、ヤク、豚が囲いの中に無事に入っているかどうかを確認するために、動物を追跡する方法が必要になりました。
３
(37) Historians have debated the extent ( ) the President restructured the American economy.
(a) in which
(b) of which
(c) through which
(d) to which
| to some degree, to some extent | ある程度 |
↓
he extent to which SV：どの程度SVか
the degree to which SV：どの程度SVか
【with＋抽象名詞】
with rapidity ≒ rapidly：素早く
with ease ≒ easily：簡単に
with anger ≒ angrily：怒って
【暗記！！】
the rapidity with which SV：すぐにSV、素早くSV
the ease with which SV：簡単にSV
the fluency with which SV：流暢にSV
the anger with which SV：怒ってSV
例）I was amazed at the fluency with which she spoke English.
彼女が流暢に英語を話すことに私は驚いた。
There is a ～ sense in which SV ：～の意味でSV
例）There is a sense in which he is a hero.
ある意味で彼はヒーローだ.
Historians have debated the extent to which the President restructured the American economy.
歴史家たちは、大統領がアメリカ経済をどの程度立て直すことができたのかを議論してきた。
４
No serious writer can possibly be indifferent to the fate of any language, ( ) his own mother tongue.
(a) aside
(b) concerning
(c) let alone
(d) with respect to
| 副詞 | (a) aside (from X) | 脇に | ××× |
| 前置詞 | (b) concerning＋名詞 | ～に関して | × |
| 副詞句になる | (c) let alone | ましてや～ない | |
| 群前置詞 | (d) with respect to＋名詞 | ～に関して | × |
Xは言うまでもなく、ましてや～ない
否定文＋, let alone X
否定文＋, to say nothing of X
否定文＋, much less
否定文＋, still less
否定文＋, even less
| little - less - least | ほとんど～ない |
much, even, stillは比較級の強調
～に関して≒about
with respect to X
af for X
as to X
with regard to X
in regard to X
as regards
with respect to X
in respect of X
in relation X
５
It is ( ) the nation is so new and fragile that citizens are struggling hard to maintain the frontiers mapped out by Europeans.
(a) because
(b) by
(c) for this reason
(d) the case which
It is (接続詞) the nation is so new and fragile that citizens are struggling hard to maintain the frontiers mapped out by Europeans.
＜元の文章＞
Citizens are struggling hard <to maintain the frontiers (mapped out by Europeans)> {because the nation is so new and fragile}.
【強調構文】
① 名詞・副詞をit is ～ thatの間に持ってこれる
My brother went to the restaurant yesterday.
↓
例）It was my brother who went to the restaurant yesterday.
例）It was the restaurant which My brother went to @ yesterday
＜元の文章＞
Citizens are struggling hard <to maintain the frontiers (mapped out by Europeans)> {because the nation is so new and fragile}.
↓
It is {because the nation is so new and fragile} that citizens are struggling hard <to maintain the frontiers (mapped out by Europeans)>.
＜和訳＞
It is because the nation is so new and fragile that citizens are struggling hard to maintain the frontiers mapped out by Europeans.
国家が新しくてもろいからこそ、ヨーロッパ人が計画したフロンティアを維持するために市民が苦労しているのです。
map out X＝～を作る、～を概説する、～を綿密に計画する