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本日：12/25 金曜 23:00~
宿題：今回は秋田県立大学 2020から10題です。予習してね！
宿題
問1 Don't let anyone [ 1 ] Yuki's room unless she says, "It's all right." Now she is knitting a beautiful sweater.
イ enter
ロ entered
ハ to enter
ニ entering
問2 Please wait until I [ 2 ] my homework. Let's have lunch and watch a movie later.
イ finished
ロ have finished
ハ will have finished
ニ had finished
問3 My grandmother is said [ 3 ] the best singer in my town in the past. I'm proud of her.
イ to be
ロ to have been
ハ she has been
ニ she is
問4 The local soccer team players were invited to Akita Sports Festival, six of [ 4 ] attended.
イ whom
ロ whose
ハ which
ニ as
問5 [ 5 ] international students have to take Japanese language tests prior to registering for the class.
イ Each
ロ Whole
ハ The all
ニ All the
問6 Try not to become a man of success [ 6 ] rather try to become a man of value.
イ only
ロ that
ハ but
ニ at all
問7 Growing environmental fears have made climate research all [ 7 ] important, and scientists from different fields have started joint projects.
イ more
ロ the more
ハ better
ニ the better
問8 Thieves broke [ 8 ] the museum last night and stole valuable art treasures of ancient Europe.
イ into
ロ under
ハ on
ニ out
問9 [ 9 ] that we're in Akita we ought to visit Oga, watch a Namahage performance, eat sea food, and take a hot spring bath. It'll be fun!
イ For
ロ So
ハ Now
ニ When
問10 Chokai-san, the second highest mountain in the Tohoku region, is an active volcano [ 10 ] on the border of Akita and Yamagata prefectures.
イ locating
ロ location
ハ located
ニ locational
解答＆授業メモ
訂正
問５で"international students"を誤って「インターナショナルスクールの学生」と言っていますが、「留学生」の間違いです。
問1
Don't let anyone [ 1 ] Yuki's room unless she says, "It's all right." Now she is knitting a beautiful sweater.
イ enter
ロ entered
ハ to enter
ニ entering
| not ~ any＋名詞 | なにも～ない |
| unless | SVではないなら、SVの場合を除いて |
【使役動詞】
| V | O | C | ５文型 | |
| make | 名詞 | V原形 | OにCさせる | ≒ force O to V |
| have | 名詞 | V原形 | OにCさせる・してもらう | ≒ get O to V |
| let | 名詞 | V原形 | OにCするのを許す、許可する | ≒ allow O to V |
※ 受動態に注意
make O V原形
↑↓
O is made to Vになる
have / get はセットで覚えるとよい
| V | O | C | ５文型 |
| have | 名詞 | V原形 | OにCさせる・してもらう |
| get | 名詞 | to V | OにCさせる・してもらう |
| have | 名詞 | Vpp | ① OをCしてもらう・② OがCされる |
| get | 名詞 | Vpp | ① OをCしてもらう・② OがCされる |
I got my fingers caught in the door.
I had my bag stolen at the store.
【知覚動詞 / see / hear / feel をまず暗記】
| V | O | C | ５文型 |
| see | 名詞 | V原形 | ① OがCしているところを（一部始終）見る |
| 名詞 | Ving | ② Oが（ちょうど）Cしているところを見る | |
| 名詞 | Vpp | ③ OがCされるとこを見る |
※①受動態に注意：
O is seen to V
O is heard to V
【その他の知覚動詞】
look at / listen to / watch / notice / observe
| V | O | C | ５文型 |
| keep / leave / find | 名詞 | Ving / Vpp /形容詞 |
狙われるC
Leave the door open.
Leave the door closed.
I'm sorry I kept you waiting. ○
I'm sorry I kept you waited. ×
| V | O | C | ５文型 |
| make | 名詞 | V原形 | |
| make | 名詞 | 形容詞 | |
| make | 名詞 | Vpp
① oneself understood ② myself/ one's voice heard ③ known to X |
|
| make | 名詞 | 名詞 |
| He made me a star.（O=C） | ５文型 SVOC |
| He made me a sweater. | ４文型 SVOO（O1≠O２） |
【和訳】
Don't let anyone enter Yuki's room unless she says, "It's all right." Now she is knitting a beautiful sweater.
ユキさんの部屋にはユキが"いいよ "って言わない限り誰も入れないでね。今、ユキは綺麗なセーターを編んでいるところだから。
問１ イ
問2
Please wait until I [ 2 ] my homework. Let's have lunch and watch a movie later.
イ finished
ロ have finished
ハ will have finished
ニ had finished
【時・条件の副詞節】
× I will stay home if it will rain. 未来
↓
○ I will stay home if it rains. 現在
× Call me <when you will have finished this task>. 未来完了
↓
○ Call me when you have finished this task. 現在完了
時の副詞節を作る接続詞
| when とき | until | till | before | after |
| by the time | every time | each time | the next time | |
| the moment | the instant | as soon as |
いつ：I don't know when he will come home.
条件の副詞節を作る接続詞
| if もし・たとえ | unless | once | as long as | as far as | in case |
【和訳】
Please wait until I have finished my homework. Let's have lunch and watch a movie later.
宿題が終わるまでお待ちください。あとでお昼ご飯を食べて映画を見ましょう。
問２ ロ
問3
My grandmother is said [ 3 ] the best singer in my town in the past. I'm proud of her.
イ to be
ロ to have been
ハ she has been
ニ she is
It is said that he is/was kind.
↑↓
③He is said to be kind.
③'He is said to have been kind.
【繰り上げ構文】
① that SVのSをitに代入
② thatをto Vに変換する
③ 動詞２つに時制のズレが無し→ to V
③' 動詞２つに時制のズレがある→ to have Vpp
seem/appear
happen/chance
turn out
「～だと言われている」系
be said
be rumored
be reported
「～だと思われている」系
be believed
be thought
be considered
be＋形容詞
be likely/unlikely
be certain
be fortunate
It is likely that he will come home today.
↑↓
He is likely to come home day.
My grandmother is said to have been the best singer in my town in the past. I'm proud of her.
私の祖母は昔、私の町で一番の歌が上手だったと言われています。私は彼女を誇りに思っています。
問３ ロ
問4
The local soccer team players were invited to Akita Sports Festival, six of [ 4 ] attended.
イ whom ロ whose ハ which ニ as
The local soccer team players were invited to ~. Six of them attended.
↓
The local soccer team players were invited to ~, six of whom attended.
| he | his＋名詞 | him |
| they | their＋名詞 | them |
| who | whose＋名詞 | whom |
Mt Fuji, which ~
My mother, who
I have two brothers, both of whom are students.
neither of whom
neither of which
each of which
each of whom
The local soccer team players were invited to Akita Sports Festival, six of whom attended.
地元のサッカーチームの選手が秋田県のスポーツフェスティバルに招待され、6名が参加しました。
問４ イ
問5
※動画内で"international students"を誤って「インターナショナルスクールの学生」と言っていますが、「留学生」の間違いです。
[ 5 ] international students have to take Japanese language tests prior to registering for the class.
| イ Each | ロ Whole | ハ The all | ニ All the |
イ each＋単数形
ロ the whole ~ / this whole / that whole ~ / their whole ~ / my whole
限定詞＝名詞を限定するもの（※限定詞は２つ重ねられない）
限定詞＝①冠詞 the ② 指示形容詞 ③ 所有格
ニ the all は語順がダメ
【これを暗記！】
| almost | all | of | the | cars | almost all of the cars |
| almost | all | × | the | cars | almost all the cars |
| almost | all | × | × | cars | almost all cars |
almostは副詞だから → 名詞にはくっつかない
× ( almost ) cars
All the international students have to take Japanese language tests prior to registering for the class.
留学生は、授業を受ける前に日本語のテストを受けなければなりません。
問５ ニ
問6
Try not to become a man of success [ 6 ] rather try to become a man of value.
| イ only | ロ that | ハ but | ニ at all |
| not A but B | not to V ~~~~ but V ~~~~ |
not only A but (also) B
not just A but (also) B
not merely A but (also) B
not simply A but (also) B
参考１：would rather V原形 ~~~~~(than V原形)
参考２：A rather than B, rather A than B
Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.
成功者になるのではなく、価値のある人になるように努力しましょう。
問６ ハ
問7
Growing environmental fears have made climate research all [ 7 ] important, and scientists from different fields have started joint projects.
イ more ロ the more ハ better ニ the better
| V | O | C 形容詞 |
| make | you | happy |
| have made | climate research | all the more important |
all the 比較級 ＋ 理由
I studied hard.
I studied harder.
| I studied the harder. | the＝そのぶん |
| I studied all the harder. | all＝とても≒very |
| I studied all the harder for the exam. | 理由表現が来る |
Growing environmental fears have made climate research all the more important, and scientists from different fields have started joint projects.
環境への不安の高まりから、気候研究の重要性はますます高まっており、さまざまな分野の研究者が共同でプロジェクトを開始しています。
問７ ロ
問8
Thieves broke [ 8 ] the museum last night and stole valuable art treasures of ancient Europe.
| イ into | ロ under | ハ on | ニ out |
| break into X | 押し入る |
| break under X | これだけ暗記！under stress, under the strain, under the weight of ~ |
| break on X | 暗記不要 / break in on X＝Xに口を挟む、割り込む |
| S break out. | ①（戦争などが）勃発する ② break out of Xで「Xから抜け出す」 ③ （汗・ふきでもの・じんましん等が）出る |
war ウォー
warming up ウォーミングアップ
walking ウォーキング
Thieves broke into the museum last night and stole valuable art treasures of ancient Europe.
昨夜、泥棒が美術館に侵入し、古代ヨーロッパの貴重な美術品を盗んだ。
問８ イ
問9
[ 9 ] that we're in Akita we ought to visit Oga, watch a Namahage performance, eat sea food, and take a hot spring bath. It'll be fun!| イ For | ロ So | ハ Now | ニ When |
fanboys（for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
| 等位接続詞 | SV---, for SV---. | SVだ。なぜならSVだからだ。 結果 → 理由 |
| 等位接続詞 | SV---, so SV---.
|
SVだ。だからSVだ。 理由 → 結果 |
＜例外＞
SV ----------------------------------------------------------------------. So SV-------------------------------------------------------------------------.
SV --------------------------------------------------------. For SV-------------------------------------------------------------------------.
【従位接続詞】
Because I was sick, I went home.
↓↑
I went home because I was sick.
【理由を表す従位接続詞（５つ）】
| Now that SV, SV | 今やSVなので、SVだ。 |
| ≒ in that SV
≒ because SV ≒ since SV ≒ as SV |
Now that we're in Akita we ought to visit Oga, watch a Namahage performance, eat sea food, and take a hot spring bath. It'll be fun!
せっかく秋田に来たんだから、男鹿に行って、なまはげのパフォーマンスを見て、海の幸を食べて、温泉に入ろう。きっと楽しいよ。
問９ ハ
問10
Chokai-san, the second highest mountain in the Tohoku region, is an active volcano [ 10 ] on the border of Akita and Yamagata prefectures.
| S | V | C |
| Chokai-san ~~ | is | an active volcano (説明の語句) |
イ locating ロ location ハ located ニ locational
【ポイントは後置修飾】
| 名詞 | ＋２語以上の説明 | ||
| That man | running in the park | is my father. | 現在分詞 |
| The window | broken by my dog | was expensive. | 過去分詞 |
| The man | who stands over there | is my brother. | 関係代名詞 |
| The people | in Japan | eat sushi. | 前置詞句 |
京都は古い建物で有名な都市だ。
Kyoto is famous ~~~~ ??? ではなく、
Kyoto is the city (famous for old buildings).
① ～を突き止める，～を見つける
| I located the city on the map. | 地図上でその年の位置を確認した。 |
| He was located under the bridge. | 彼は橋の下にいるところを見つけられた。 |
② ～にある
| The store is located on the street. | そのお店はその通り沿いにある。 |
| The store located on the street | is | famous. |
Chokai-san, the second highest mountain in the Tohoku region, is an active volcano located on the border of Akita and Yamagata prefectures.
東北地方で2番目に高い鳥海山は、秋田県と山形県の県境にある活火山です。
問10 ハ